What does the term “runway incursion” mean?

The term “runway incursion” refers specifically to an unauthorized entry or activity on a runway that poses a potential collision risk. This definition is crucial in the context of airport operations as it highlights the importance of maintaining clear communication and adherence to procedural protocols on and around runways. Runway incursions can lead to dangerous situations, potentially involving aircraft collisions or incidents during takeoff and landing phases, which are critical moments in aviation.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of what a runway incursion entails. Routine inspections are necessary for runway safety but do not involve unauthorized activities. Emergency landings, while they may occur on runways, are a response to critical situations rather than unauthorized actions. Lastly, runway repairs, though vital for safe operations, are conducted under strict control and approval and do not constitute incursions. Understanding runway incursions is essential for maintaining safety in airside operations, which is a significant component of the D-AVOP training process.